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Pubic Wars
Pubic Wars, a pun on the Punic Wars, is the name given to the rivalry between the pornographic magazines ''Playboy'' and ''Penthouse'' during the 1960s and 1970s.〔〔 Each magazine strove to show just a little bit more than the other, without getting too crude.〔("The Porn King in Winter" ), Anthony Haden-Guest, ''New York Magazine''〕 The term was coined by ''Playboy'' owner Hugh Hefner.〔 In 1950s and 60s America it was generally agreed that nude photographs were not pornographic unless they showed pubic hair or genitals. "Respectable" photography was careful to come close to, but not cross over, this line. Consequently the depiction of pubic hair was de facto forbidden in U.S. pornographic magazines.〔
==History==
''Penthouse'' originated in 1965 in Britain and was initially distributed in Europe.〔 In September 1969 it was launched in the U.S., bringing new competition to ''Playboy''.〔 Due to more liberal European attitudes to nudity ''Penthouse'' was already displaying pubic hair at the time of its U.S. launch.〔 According to the magazine's owner Bob Guccione, "We began to show pubic hair, which was a big breakthrough."〔
In order to retain its market share ''Playboy'' followed suit, risking obscenity charges, and launching the "Pubic Wars".〔 ''Playboy'' started showing wisps of pubic hair about nine months after ''Penthouse'' (June 1970).〔 As competition between the two magazines escalated, their photo shoots became increasingly explicit.〔 ''Playboy'', however, had actually first showed a very slight glimpse of any pubic hair on Melodye Prentiss' centerfold (Miss July 1968), some 15 years after the magazine's introduction. With Playmates it was usually the case that the pubic area would be obscured by an item of clothing, a leg, or a piece of furniture. The first appearance of real pubic hair in ''Playboy'' actually occurred in August 1969 in a pictorial featuring dancer/actress Paula Kelly. A few more glimpses of pubic hair appeared in some later pictorials and centerfolds, but it was not until January 1971 when Liv Lindeland showed clearly visible pubic hair in her pictorial. The first Playmate to clearly have the first full frontal nude centerfold was Miss January 1972, Marilyn Cole. Both went on to become Playmate of the Year, respectively 1972 and 1973. When ''Hustler'' was launched in 1974, it outdid both ''Playboy'' and ''Penthouse'' in explicitness by showing more graphic photos of the female sex organs.〔 A recent visit to Playboy Plus featured a photo of October 1959 Playmate of the Month, Elaine Reynolds. One of the outtake photos clearly shows pubic hair as she exits a swimming pool.
Eventually, the two magazines moved their content in opposite directions. ''Playboy'' positioned itself as the less explicit softcore alternative to be "read for the articles".〔 ''Penthouse'' gravitated towards raunchier images, ultimately arriving at hardcore pornography and photographs of women urinating, in the mid 1990s.〔 Under new ownership since 2004, ''Penthouse'' began to steer toward a more softcore direction as well.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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